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Interaction of Pb and Cd in  Soil-Water-Plant System and  its Mechanism: I.Pb-Cd Inter action in Red So

作者 : Pedosphere
摘要撰写人 : TsingHua
浏览次数 : 23  词语: 300   出版日期: 二月 28, 1996
InteractionofPbandCdinSoil-Water-PlantSystem anditsMechanism:I.Pb-CdInteractioninRedSoil -PlantSystem¥ZHENGCHUNRONGandCHENHUAIMAN(In stituteofSoilScience,AcademiaSinica,P.O.Box 821,Nanjing2100O8China)(ReceivedOctober21,1 995;revisedNovember9,1995)Abstract:Astudyon theeffectofPb-Cdinteractiononplantgrowthand onthechemistryofelementsinplantswasconducte dundergreenhouseconditionwithredsoil-wetlan dricesystemindifferentgrowthstage.Theresult sshowedthatPb-Cdinteractionsongrowthandmeta luptakevariedwithdifferentgrowthstageSandch emicalcompoundsadded.Theplantheightandthero otweightweremarkedlyaffectedbyPb-Cdinterict ionintheyoungstagebutnotintheripeningstageo friceatthetreatmentsofPbCl_2andCdCl_2added. However,theweightofricestrawintheripeningst agewassignificantlyeffectedbyPb-Cdinteracti onwiththetreatmentsofPb(OAc)_2andCdCl_2.The chemistryofelementsinplantsalsodependedonPb -Cdinteractioninvaryingdegreesonaccountofdi fferentplantpartsandgrowthstage.Itseemsthat Pb-Cdinteractionoccurrednotonlyinrootsbutal soinotherpartsofwetlandrice.Keywords:heavym etal,interaction,PbandCd,redsoil,wetlandric eINTRODUCTIONThecyclingofelementsinsoiLwate r-plantsystemanditseffectonecoenvironmentde penduponmanyfactors,includingsoilproperties ,componentsandconcentrationofsoilsolution,s peciesvarieties,andphysiologicalandbiochemi calcharacteristicsofplants,environmentcondi tion,aswellajsthepropertiesofelementsthemse lves.Fromtheviewpointofchemistry,heavymetal s,enteredsoillikeanyotherelements,maybediss olvedinsoilsolution,adsorbedontocolloidalsu rface,occludedintosoilminerals,precipitated withothercomponentsinsoilsandaccumulatedbyo rganisms.Thecyclingofelementsinsoil-waterpl antsystemwouldbegovernedbytheseprocesses,th usfurtheraffectingthequalityoffoodchain.Whe nsomeelementsenteredaspecificsoil-water-pla ntsystem,theinteractionamongelementsmaybeco meanimportantfactoraffectingtheirbehaviorin thecaseofotherconditionskeepingunchangedorc hangillgsynchronously.Bytheinteractionofele mentsitmeansantagonismandsynergism,represen tingthecombinationeffectbetweentwooramongse veralelementswhicharegreaterorlessthantheun itaryeffectofarelevantone.ConsideringasoiLp lantsystemasitstands,antagonismexpressesthe physiologicalinterferingeffectlApartofthepr ojectsupportedbytheNationalNaturalScienceFo undationofChinaandbytheLaboratoryofMaterial CyclinginPedosphere,InstituteofSoilScience, AcademiaSinica.onionuptake,i.e.,theuptakeof oneionbyplantswouldbeinhibitedbyanotherions ;andsynergismpresentsthatthe"ionrelease"fro msoilorionuptakebyplantsisacceleratedbythea ccompaniedions.Therefore,establishmentofenv ironmentalstalldardswouldbeaffectedbytheint eractionofelementswhentheloadingcapacityofs oilforpollutantswasformulatedaccordingtothe effectofplallts(ZhengandChen,1989,1990;Chen etal-,1994;ChenandZheng,1994;XuandXu,1993;Y ang,1993;QinetaL,1994).Itexpandedthemeallin goftheresearchonelementalinteractiontomaint ainillgecologicalbalanceandenvironmelltprot ectionaswellasthehumanhealth,andthussuchill teractionwaselldowedwithanewimplicationinli fescience.Thestudyoilillteractionofelements wouldbeoftheoreticalandpracticalsignificanc ethereby.Lead(Pb)andcadlinum(Cd)areoftencon sideredaspollutionheaVymetajsbecausetheirin grationthroughtheenvironmelltiscloselyrelat edtohumanhealth.ThecombinativePonutionofPha ndcdoftenoccurredillsoiLwater-plantsystemdu etothesimultaneityofboththeelementsinthecon taminantssuchaswastewater,sewagesludge,mini ngtail,andfertilizers.Themajorpurposeofthis studywastoinvestigatetheeffectofPh--Cdinter actiononplantgrowthandonchemistryofelements illredsoiLwetlandricesystem.'MATERIALSANDME THODSTheexperimentwasconductedinthegreenhou sewithredsoilandwetlandrice(Nanjing3714).Th esoilfortestwascollectedfromtheEcologicalEx perimelltalStationofRedSoil,AcademiaSinica, YingtantJianghProvince.Thegeneralproperties ofthesoilareshowninTable1.Thericecultureexp erimentincludedtwoparts,i.e.youngstageandri peningstagetests.FOrthetestofyoungstagerice,0.2kgsoilwasputintoeach0.3-literplasticpot.Thesoilwasmixedwellwithureaattherateof0.17gandKZHPO4attherateof0.35g/potpreviously.Fi

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