DistribntionofSoilZinc,Iron,CopperandMangane seFractionsandItsRelationshipwithPlantAvail abilityZOUBANG-JIandMORUN-CANG(InstituteofA ppliedEcology,AcademtaSinica,Shenyang110015 (China))(ReceivedJuly29,1994;revisedOctober 10,1994)DistribntionofSoilZinc,Iron,Coppera ndManganeseFractionsandItsRelationshipwithP lantAvailability¥ZOUBANG-JIandMORUN-CANG(In stituteofAppliedEcology,AcademtaSinica,Shen yang110015(China))(ReceivedJuly29,1994;revi sedOctober10,1994)ABSTRACTThedistributionof variousfractionsofZn,Fe,CuandMnin15typesofs odsinChinaanditsrela-tionshipwithplantavail abilitywerestudied.Wactionsofvariouselement swerefoundtohavesomesimilarcharacteristicdi stributionregularitiesinwirioustypesofsoils ,butvarioussoiltypesdereredtovaryingdegrees inthedistributionofeachfraction.Soilphysico -chemicalproperties,suchaspH,CECandtheconte ntsofOM,CaCO_3,freeFe,freeMnandP_2O_5,weres igndicantlycorrelatedwiththedistributionofe lementalfractions,andasignificazitcorrelati onalsoexistedbetweenthedistributionandplant amilabilityofelementalfractions.Varfousfrac tionsofeachelementweredividedintotwogroupsb edontheirplantavailability.Thecorrelationbe tweenthedistributionofcombinationfractionsa iidplaxitavailabilityindi-catedasignificant lyoranextremelysignificantlypositivecorrela tionforGroupIbutasignificantlyoranextremely significantlynegativecorrelationforGroupII. Therefore,thefractionsinGroupIwereprimarypo olsofavailablenutrients,whilethoseinGroupII couldhardlyprovideavailablenutrientsforplan ts.Descreasingthetransformationofcorrespond ingelementsintofractionsofGroup11andincreas ingthestoragecapacityofvariousfractionsofGr oupIwereanimportantdirectionforregulationan dcontroilingofsoilnutrients.However,somePar ticularsoilswithtoohighcontentsofZn,Fe,Cuan dMnshouldberegulatedandcontrolledadverselyK eyWowts:awtlabilityidistribution,soils,Zn,F e,CuandMnfractionsINTRODUCTIONZinc,iron,cop perandmanganeseinsoilsarenutrientsessential toplantsandheavymetalsrelatedtoenvironmentq uality.Theyallexistinvariousfractions,andth eirtranslrycationandtransformationcapabilit yandplantavailabilityvarywithdifferentfract ions.Probingintothedistributionregularities ofvariousfractionsoftheseelementsinsoilsand theirrelationshipswithplantavailabilitywill beconducivetoafurtherunderstandingofthetran slocationandtransformationregularitiesofthe seelementsandthishelpfultomal`ingartificial regulationandcontrollingofthem.Since1970s,w ithestablishmentandimprove-mentofthesequent ialextractiontechnique(Iyengaretal.,1981;Mc larenandCrawford,1973;Milleretal.,1986;Shum an,1979,1985;Tessieretal.,1979),therehavebe ensoinereportsconcerningthedistributionofva riousfractionsoftheseelementsinsoils,reveal ingthatthefractionsofelementspresentinsoils arerelatedwithsoilproperties(Iyengaretal.,P rojectsupportedbytheLaboratoryofMaterialCyc linginPedosphere,AcademiaSinica.1981,Neilse netal.,1986,Shuman,1985,SimsandPatrick,1978 ,Sims,1986,Singh,1980).Thesequentialextract ionprocedurewasemployedinthepresentstudytod etermineandtoconductaseriesofstatisticalana lysisonthevariousfractionsofZn,Fe,CuandMnin someprimarysoilsofChina,withthepurposesoffi ndingoutthedistributionregularitiesandfeatu resofvariousfractionsoftheseelementsinsoils andinquiringintotherelationshipbetweenthedi stributionofvariousfractionsontheonehandand soilpropertiesandplantavailabilityontheothe r,soastofurtherstudythetranslocationandtran sformationoftheseelementsinsoils.MATERIALSA NDMETHODSFifteensoilsamplesusedinthepresent workweresampledfromsoiltypes,suchasblacksoi l,albicsoil,brownsoil,carbonatemeadowsoil,c hernozem,cinnamonsoil,paddysoil,fluvo-aquic soil,darkloessialsoil,calcicpurplishsoil,ne utralpurplishsoil,redsoilandIateriticredsoi l,indifferentregionsofChina.Accordingtothes oiltypesascertainedviageneralsoilsurveyinva riousregionsandselectingtherepresentativese ctorswithoutartificialsupplyoftheaboveeleme ntsrecently,samplingwascarriedoutatadepthof 0-40cmforuplandsoilsand0-20cmforpaddysoils.Theair-drying,grinding,sievingandpackingofsoilsainpleswereconductedinaccordancewiththerulesofanalysisoftraceelements(ThaceElement
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