INTRODUCTION NPholidota chinensis lindl(PCL)is a perennial and epiphytic herbin the arethusa fam ily.Ithas been used as folk m edicine to treatpulm onary edem a because it com pletely reverses the decrease inalveolar fluid clearance induced by hypoxia,and itis used as anapophlegm atic,cough-relieving and fatigue-resisting drug.In pre-vious pharm acologicalexperim ents,PCL m arkedly attenuated Na,K-ATPase activity and increase ofalveolar fluid clearance犤1犦.H ow-ever,its pharm acological effects on hypoxic-ischem ic heart andbrain dam age rem ain to be unclear.Therefore,this study was de-signed to explore fatigue-resisting and anoxia-resisting effects ofPCL in m ice.M A TER IA LS A N D M E TH O D SM aterialsThe experim ent was conducted at the Pharm acological LaboratoryofG annan M edical College from M arch to June2004.A totalof170Kunm ing m ice,clean grade,25m ales and95fem ales,weight-ing(20±2)g,were selected from the Experim entalA nim alCenterofGannan M edicalCollege(Certification No:JXA-2004119).Ratswere placed in colony room with12/12hour light/dark cycle at(21±2)°C and hum idity of60%,free access to waterand food.Thecrude powder ofPCL was precisely weighed,using m aceration with800m L/L ethanolfor30m inutes.Subsequently,boiled for30m in-utes,the m ixture was filtered and concentrated underreduced pres-sure at40°C.The yield ofethanolic extractofroots was1000g/L.The extractwas dissolved in norm alsaline;hydrochloric propranololwas obtained from Beijing Double-Crane Pharm aceuticalCo.,Ltd.,and isoproterenolfrom ShanghaiH arvestPharm aceuticalCo.,Ltd.M ethodsEffect of PCL on hypoxia resistance:Totally40m ice were ran-dom ly divided into4groups:norm al saline group,hydrochloricpropranololgroup,5g/kg and10g/kg PCL extractgroups with10in each group.M ice in hydrochloric propranololgroup were treatedwith0.02g/kg hydrochloric propranolol.Twenty m inutes after ad-m inistration,the m ice were putinto hypoxic wide-m outhed bottlesof250m L volum e with sodalim e for recording survival tim e withstopwatch.Effects ofPCL extracton specific anoxic m yocardium:Totally30m ice were random ly divided into3groups with10in each,nam elynorm alsaline+isoproterenolgroup,extract+isoproterenolgroup,and hydrochloric propranolol+isoproterenol group.0.015g/kgisoproterenol was given to m ice in each group,and m ice in hy-drochloric propranolol group were treated with0.02g/kg hy-drochloric propranolol.Forty m inutes afteradm inistration,the m icewere putinto hypoxic wide-m outhed bottles of250m L volum e withsodalim e forrecording survivaltim e with stopwatch.Protective effects of PCL extract on NaNO2-induced hypoxia犤2犦:Forty m ice were random ly divided into4groups:norm al salinegroup,hydrochloric propranololgroup,5g/kg and10g/kg PCLextractgroups with10in each group.M ice in hydrochloric propra-nololgroup were treated with0.02g/kg hydrochloric propranolol.Forty m inutes afteradm inistration,the m ice were intraperitoneallyinjected with200m g/kg NaN O2.The survivaltim e was recorded.Effects ofPCL extract on cerebralischem ia and hypoxia after de-capitation:Thirty m ice were random ly divided into3groups:nor-m alsaline group,5g/kg and10g/kg PCL extractgroups with10in each group.Forty m inutes afteradm inistration,the survivaltim ewas recorded.Effects ofPCL extracton exercise tolerance in m ice:Thirty m icewere random ly divided into norm alsaline group,5g/kg and10g/kgPCL extractgroups with10in each group.Forty m inutes after ad-m inistration,the m ice swam with lead load on the tails,which was2%ofthe body weight.The swim m ing testform ice used a circularpool40cm in diam eter and30cm in height,and filled with waterto a depth of25cm.W aterwas keptat20-22°C.To study the ef-fects of PCL extract on exercise tolerance,the swim m ing tim e ofthe m ice was recorded untilthey were exhausted,subm erged for8seconds,and did notfloatonto the surface again.Statisticalanalysis:SPSS11.50statisticalsoftware was used to ana-lyze the differences,and one-way analysis ofva
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